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A graded lattice with soft and rigid parts. OpenVCAD can apply specific mechanical properties to certain parts of lattice structures, which are often used for impact-absorbing capabilities, to achieve more complicated designs. Credit: University of Colorado Boulder Engineers will have an easier time 3D printing objects out of multiple different materials with the release of an open-source tool, OpenVCAD, that can convert complex gradient designs into printer ready code for advanced engineering applications. Designing and 3D printing gradients, where 2 materials gradually blend from one to another, is extremely difficult. Conventional computer-aided design (CAD) software tends to assume that the same material exists within the boundaries of the different areas within a 3D design and struggle to produce objects with truly continuous gradients. A scan‑to‑print medical model, which surgeons could use to plan surgeries, printed using OpenVCAD. Credit: University of Colorado Boulder “Unlike...

OpenAI's meteoric rise in the AI industry has captivated investors and analysts alike. In early October 2025, the company reached a staggering $500 billion valuation following a secondary share sale that saw employees sell approximately $6.6 billion worth of shares Bloomberg. This valuation places OpenAI ahead of SpaceX, making it the world's most valuable startup. The surge in valuation is attributed to the company's rapid expansion and significant partnerships, including collaborations with tech giants like Nvidia and AMD Investors.com. Despite its impressive valuation, OpenAI faces scrutiny regarding its profitability and long-term sustainability. Reports indicate that the company posted a revenue of $4.3 billion in the first half of 2025, coupled with an operating loss of $7.8 billion The Guardian. Such financials raise questions about the company's ability to achieve profitability amidst its massive infrastructure investments. OpenAI's commitment to investing...

Agricultural and Biological Sciences is a multidisciplinary field that focuses on understanding, improving, and sustaining agricultural production and biological systems . It bridges traditional agricultural practices with modern biotechnology, genetics, and environmental sciences to enhance crop yields, livestock management, and ecosystem sustainability. The field addresses challenges such as food security, climate change, and resource management, emphasizing sustainable and eco-friendly practices. Researchers in agricultural sciences study soil health, irrigation systems, pest management, and crop rotation techniques, while biological sciences explore plant physiology, microbiology, genetics, and molecular biology to understand living systems at a cellular and molecular level. By integrating these areas, Agricultural and Biological Sciences aim to develop innovative solutions for efficient farming, conservation, and sustainable development. The discipline also plays a critical role i...